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parallel structure Posts

Improving Paragraphs in SAT Writing: Using Parallel Structure

How do you improve this sentence?

1. Today at the beach we will most likely skateboard, play Frisbee, and to eat hot dogs.

a) As it is
b) Today at the beach we will probably find time to skateboard, playing Frisbee and to eat hot dogs.
c) Today at the beach we will most likely skateboard, play Frisbee, and eating hot dogs.
d) Today at the beach we will most likely skateboard, play Frisbee, and eat hot dogs.
e) At the beach today, we most likely skateboard, play Frisbee and eat hot dogs.

The first thing I recognize when I read this sentence is that something is definitely off with one of the verbs. Before I even knew about parallel structure, I could probably tell you that D is right; it is “eating” and not “to eat.” It’s almost a rule of thumb, if you have a group of verbs they should be of the same tense. But what does that mean exactly?

It just sounds right? Right. Well, let’s be honest, there’s more to it. Parallel construction means that whether it’s a group of verbs, adverbs, clauses, nouns, adjectives, or any other part of speech, if you are listing, they have to be consistent. Let’s look at an example. Let’s combine these two sentences:

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Improving Sentences on the SAT: Parallel Structure

There are two types of parallel structure problems that you need to be aware when taking the SAT writing section. If you know what to look out for, it is often one of the easiest problems to spot and correct.

Type 1: sentences which certain pairs of connecting words that require parallel construction.  Examples of pairs are “neither…nor”, “either…or”, “not only…but also”, “the better…the better”, “the less…the less”.  The phrases following each word (in italics) must be parallel in grammatical structure.  Take a look at the faulty sentences in the left column below.

faulty parallel structure parallel structure
The professor’s speech focused on neither his recent scholarly work nor how he discovered the new bacteria strain. The professor’s speech focused on neither his recent scholarly work or his discovery of the new bacteria strain.
Not only does Michael play the piano, but he also enjoying cooking. Not only does Michael play the piano, but he also enjoys cooking.

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